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31 



OB 



EX' 



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1st Conjugaition er. 



Togo aller present jeYsds future yiv&i cond. yirsiis, 



to send envoyer future 



j'enverrai cond. j'enve: 



o assail Assaillir 
o gather Cueillir 
o project Saillir 
o shudder tressaillir 



2d conj. ir. 

and derivatives change (ir) in 
es, e, for the 1st, 2d, and 3d per. 
pre., and preserve the G in the/i 
and Cond. 



o offer offrir 



o open 
o suffer 



o acquire 
o boil 
o run 
o sleep 
o lit 
o die 
o depart 
o repent 
o feel 
o serve 
o go out 
o clothe 



ouvrir 
souffrir 

acquerir 

bouillir 

courir 

dormir 

mentir 

mourir 

partir 

se repeutir 

sentir 

servir 

sortir 

vetir 



and derivatives change (ir) into e, 



present j'aquiers 
je bous 
je cours 
je dors 

ie meurs 
je pars 
je me repens 
je sens 
je sers 
je sors 
je vets 



"^ 



All verbs 
ing an ^r 
the Ind. j 
ent must > 
two in th{ 
ture and 
ditional. 



J 




PRESENT PAR 

1st conj. er. 



gomg 


allant 


pre. 6d pi. ils vont 

2d conj. ir. 


dying 


mourant 


ils meurent 

3d conj. re. 


drinking 


buvant 


ils boivent 


saying 
doing 


disant 
faisaut 


f. , vous dites 

P* vous faites, ils font 


taking 


prenant 


ils prennent 

4th conj. oir. 


knowing 


sachant 


nous Savons, vous savez, ils sa 




Imperfect 


tense je savais 




Preterit Definit. or Perfect. 



1st conj. end in ai, as, a, ames, ates, erent. 
2u ** ' is, IS-', il, i.xij^, *tot(, ii<iui, adde<l to ^ 

except to run courir, je courus. 
to die mourir, je mourus. 
3d conj. end in is, is, it, imes, ites, irent. 



/2 



Formation of FRENCH VERBS from the 

.."EiTJmitives, Tenses, Infinitive Mood, Present and Past Participle. 

/ Jill Prof. P, J. liORIS, XeacJter of the Flinch Language at Jlan^nrd Universilu. 



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From Infinitive arej 


1. er'^''/'. 


2.ir 


3. re 


4. oir 


0. enir 


formed 


nom. 


Donner 


finir 


vendre 


rccevoir 


venii" 


Indicative mood Pres- 


je 


donne > Im t 9/ 


i-?/(Jinis ' ^ 


vends 


re(,*Di3 


viens 


ent tense singular, by 


tu 


e /y^ 


y^ is 
^'- -it 


ds 


ois 


ns 


changing the ending as 


il 


d 


oit 


ut 


in the model. 


ils 








oivent 


viennent 


Future, by adding to the 


je 


donnerai 


finirai 


vendrai 


recevrai 


viendrai 


Infinitive these end- 


tu 


as 


as 


as 


as 


as 


ings. 


il 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


VX^I 


nous 


ons 


ons 


ons 


ons 


ons 




vous 


ez 


ez 


ez 


ez 


ez 


1 


ils 


ont 


ont 


ont 


ont 


ont 


Conditional mood, by 


.1^ 


donnerais 


finirais 


vendrais 


recevrais 


viendrais 


adding to the inf. these 


tu 


ais 


ais 


ais 


ais 


ais 


endings. 


il 


ait 


ait 


ait 


ait 


ait 




nous 


ions 


ions 


lOUS 


ions 


ions 




vous 


lez 


lez 


iez 


icz 


lez 




ils 


aient aieiit 


aient 


aient 


aieut 



From the pr. Parti- 
ciple are formed 



Ind. present 3 per. plu., 
by changing ant, in 

Imperfect, changing ant 
into 



Preterit, 1st conj., by 
changing ant into 
and the others by add 
ing to the root of the 
verb. 



nous 

vous 

ils 

je 

tu 

il 

nous 

vous 

ils 

je 

tu 

il 

nous 

vous 

ils 



Donnant 



finissant 



donnons 
ez 
ent 

dounais 
aia 
ait 
ions 
iez 
aient 

donnai 
as 
a 

Ames 
iltes 
erent 



finissons 
ez 
ent 
iinissais 
ais 
ait 
ions 
iez 
aient 
finis 

is 

it 

imes 

ites 

irent 



vendant 



recevant venant 



vendous 


recevons 


venons 


ez 


ez 


ez 


ent 






vendais 


recevais 


venais 


ais 


ais 


ais 


ait 


ait 


ait 


ions 


ions 


ions 


iez 


iez 


iez 


aient 


aient 


aient 


vendis 


recus 


vins 


is 


us 


ins 


it 


ut 


iut 


imes 


umes 


inmes 


ites 


files 


intes 


irent 


urent 


inrent 



Present Indicative 
form. 


je donne 


je finis 


je vends 


je re9ois 


je viens 


Imperative mood, by 
dropping the nom. 




donne 

donnons 

donuez 


finis 

finissons 

finisscz 


vends 

vendous 

vendez 


Tetfois 

recevons 

recevez 


viens 

veuons 

veuez 



lud. present 3d plu. 




ils donnent 


ils finissent j ils veudent 


ils re9oivent 


ils viennent 


Subjunctive mood pres- 
ent, dropping ut. 


que 
que 
qu' 
qu' 


je donne 
tu es 
il e 
ils ent 


tiuiss.5 
es 

ent 


veude re(;oive 
es . es 
e e 
ent ent 


vienne 
es 
e 
ent 


Imperfect Ind. 




nous donnions 


finissions 


vendions 


recevions 


venions 


1st and 2d person plu. 
subjunctive present. 


que 
que 


nous dounions 
vous donniez 


finissions 
finissiezj 


vendions 
iez 


recevions 
icz 


venions 
iez 



Preterit form. 



Subjunctive mood. Im- 
perfect. 



Past Participle. 



je donnai 



finis 



vendis 



re9us 



vms 



que 
que 
qu' 
que 
que 



Form all compound tenses with 
to have or to be, as auxiliary. 



je doiinasse 
tu asses 
il at 

nous assions 
vous assiez 
ils assent 



finisse 
isses 
it 

issiona 
issiez 
issent 



donne 



vendisse 
isses 
it 

issions 
issiez 
issent 



rei,'usse 
usses 

at 

ussions 

ussiez 

ussent 



vinsse 
insses 
tnt 

inssions 
inssiez 
inssent 



I 



firu 



j'ai donne 



j'avais fini 



vendu 



re9u 



j'eus vendu j'aurai re^u 



je suis venu 



lEPTIONS. 



:Tais 



^o e, 
lud. 

dure 



'?s, e. 



bav- 
) in 

rres- 
lave 
\ fu- 
con- 



3d Conj. re. 



to conclude 
to drink 
to conduct 
to preserve 



couclure 
boire 
conduire 
confire 



"J 



to be acquainted connaitre 
to believe croire 



to tell 
to w^rite 
to fry 
to shine 
to curse 
to hurt 
to please 
to laugh 
to suffice 
to break 
to do 



dire 

ecrire 

frire 

luire 

maudire 

nuire 

plaire 

rire 

suffire 



And derivatives change (re) 
into s, s, t, for the 1st, 2d, and 
> 3d person sing. Ind. present. 
Verbs ending in indre, change 
dre into s, s, t. 



rompre 
faire 



J 



to be necessary falloir present 
to move mouvoir 



to rain 
to be able 
to prevail 
to know 
to be worth 
to be willing 



pleuvoir 

pouvoir 

prevaloir 

savoir 

valoir 

vouloir 



4th conj. oir. 

1 fiiut, future il faudra 
le raeux 
I pleut 

e peux je puis '' 
e prevaux prevaudrai 
e sais saurai 

e vaux vaudrai 

je veux voudrai 



J 



J 



nCIPLE EXCEPTIONS. 

except to drink Boire 

to conclude conclure 

to believe croire 

to grow croitre 

to exclude exclure 

to read lire 

to grind moudre 

to resolve resoudre 

to be silent taire 

to leave vivre 

to be born naitre 



ent. 



je bus 
je conclus 
je crus 
je criis 
j'exclus 
je lus 
je moulus 
je resolus 
je tus 
je vecus 
je naquis 






Verbs ending in uire form their preterit by changing 
(ant) present part, into is. 



4th conj. end in us, us, ut, times, (ites, urent. 

to sit down s'assoir je m'assis. 
oth conj. end in ins, ins, int, inmes, intes, iurent. 



:tfl 



!6 

I 



\J 



■ 

J 






■*- 



V 



) i 



EXCEPTIONS. 



Ist Conjugaition er. 

To "O nllcr rn-Men< je vais/wfurf j'irai conrf. j'iraia 
to send envoyer /utHf. j'cnverrai cond. j envejrrais 



to ftl}l«Fti) 

to ({iillidr 



Ciivill 



10 projc-ct Snillir j I>i 
10 shudder trcsHdillir 3 ai 



2<1 conj. ir. 

Ilir ") and derivatives change (ir) injo e 
ir I ..1, e, for the l»t, 2d, and 3d per.Iud 



pre., and preserve the e in the/ii(ure 
1 Cond. 



offrir \ ' 

ouvrir / and derivatives change (ir) into e,fs, t. 
to snlfer soufTrir ) 



to offer 
(o ciprn 



1 to arf|iiirc acqui'rir 

to lioil hoiiillir 

to run I'ourir 

to Bleep dornilr 

to life moiirfr- 

lo ilin inonrir 

lo di'p^t purlir 

Iti n pent »e ri-peiilir 

lo feel neiilir 

lo -^frvo (lervir 

lo ".'o nut florlir 

to tloihe vt'lir 



present j'aquiers 
je bona 
je cours 
je dors 
' jc-wrns 
je inenrs 
je purs 
je me repcns 
je sens 
je sers 
je sors 
je vets 



All verbs hav- 
ing an (r) in 
the Ind. (iret- 
cnl must have 
two in tiie fu- 
ture and con- 
ditional. '• 



3d Conj. re. 

couclure 
boire 
conduirc 
confire 



to conclude 

to drink 

to conduct 

lo preserve 

to be acquainted connailre 

to believe croire 

dire 
ecrirc 
f'rire 
liiire 
inaudire 
nuire 
plaire 
rirc 
sntiire 



to tell 
to write 
to fry 
to shine 
to curse 
to hurt 
lo please 
to laugh 
to sulhce 
to break 
to do 



roinpre 
fiiire 



And derivatives change (re) 
into s, s, t, for the 1st, 2d, and 
3d person sing. Ind. present. 

Verbs ending iu i/K/rc.chanoc 
drc into s, s, t. 



4t.h conj. oir. 

to be necessary falloir prcscid il faiit, /«(ure il faudra 

to move mouvoir " je raeux 

to rain pleuvoir 

to be able pouvoir 

to prevail prevaloir 

to know savoir 

to be worlh valoir 

to be willing vouloir 



il pleut 

jo peux je puis " 

je prcvaux jirevaudrai 

je sais sanrai 

je vftux vaudrai 

je veux voudrai 



dying 



allant 



monrant 



PRESENT PAFfflCIPLE EXCEPTIONS. 
1st conj. er. \ | except to drink Boire je bus 

to conclude conclure je conclus 



lid fit. ils vont 

2(1 conj. ir. 

ils meurcnt 



drinking Imvanl 
Haying disant 
doing rai.HUiil 
Inking pi'cnani 



2d p. 



conj. re. 

ils boivcnt 

voiis diles 

vons I'ailes, ils font 

its prennent 

nil conj. oir. 

nous savobs, vons savez, iU savent. 
hiiprr/fd tenife jo savais 

I'reterit Definit. or Perfect. 
1st I'onj. end in ai, as, a, I'lnics, iiles, treiit. 
i.J " ■ '^ — U,-}*, .':,4,j;^,t«c», ir«M, i«J<Jeii4o. 
except lo run coiirir, jo courus. 
lo die luoiirir, je niourus, 
3d eonj. end iu is, is, il, iiues, iles, ireut. 



lo believe 
to grow 
to exclude 
to read 
lo grind 
to resoh'c 



croire 
croiire 
exclurc 
lire 



jc crus 
je crus 
j'excUis 
je Ins 



kuowin 



chant 



Til have, avoir, aie, 

to be, etro, sois, soyous, 



IMPERATWE 

nyons, ayez. j 

soyez. j 



moudre je inonlus 

rcsoudre je resolus 
lo be silent laire je Ins 
to leave vivre je vocus 
lo be born nailrc je uaqnis 

Verbs ending in nire form their preterit by cliauginj 
(ani) present pari, into is. 



'Iili conj. end in us, us, ut, umes, files, urcnt. 

to sit down s'assoir je ni'assts. 
oili conj. end in ins, ins, iut, Snmes, intes, iurent. 

EXCEPTIONS. ~ ~~ 

to know, savoir, sacbeg, sachons, sacbez. 



PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD, 
avoir que j'aio to bo able pouvoir que je puisse 

etre que je sois to be willing vouloir que je veuille 

to be necessary t'alloir qii'il faille I to do faire que je fnssc 

savoir (iiic jo sacho [ to go nllcr que j'aille 

1st and 2d person plu. subj. preneiit have the same exceptions as above. 



lo have 
lo ho 



lo know 



Iniporfeet of siibjuuclivo mood has no exceptions in rc- 
gnr<l to ils forination. When there is no preterit in the 
verb ihere is uo inipcrf. or of subjunctive. 

Ukum!K. Allhuugh five primitive tenses are mentioned 



in the Grammar, there are only three which are lufinilive 
mood, present and past participle. From these the Indica- 
tive Bud conditional moods are formed, and the other de- 
pendants are formed from them. 



I 



^ 



IKnlcm! .^cording lo A« of CoiiKrcM, i» Itio .'car ISTi, bv }'. J. DoHls, In tlio Office of ILe Librarian of CongrcM «t W.sbijiglou.) 

For sale by SCUOENHOF Jt MOKLLEK, -40 Winter Street, Boston. 

SoLo.v TuoB.STO.1, Pritlir, Xo. l: I'rovlnce Street, Boston. 



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